We measure household solid fuels using the number of age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years lost per 100,000 persons (DALY rate) due to exposure to household air pollution from the use of household solid fuels. A score of 100 indicates a country has among the lowest DALY rates in the world (≤5th-percentile), while a score of 0 indicates a country is among the highest (≥99th-percentile). Data for this indicator come from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study of the Institute for Health Metrics & Evaluation (IHME).
Household solid fuels
| Country | Rank | EPI Score | 10-Year Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Luxembourg | 1 | 100 | 2.5 |
| Finland | 1 | 100 | 3.1 |
| Switzerland | 1 | 100 | - |
| Germany | 1 | 100 | - |
| Denmark | 1 | 100 | - |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 100 | - |
| Norway | 1 | 100 | - |
| Sweden | 1 | 100 | - |
| Netherlands | 1 | 100 | - |
| Israel | 1 | 100 | 3.6 |
| Canada | 1 | 100 | - |
| France | 1 | 100 | 3 |
| Ireland | 1 | 100 | 4.7 |
| Iceland | 1 | 100 | - |
| South Korea | 1 | 100 | 2.6 |
| Singapore | 1 | 100 | 9.5 |
| Japan | 1 | 100 | 1.9 |
| Belgium | 1 | 100 | 2.7 |
| United Arab Emirates | 1 | 100 | - |
| Jordan | 1 | 100 | 9.6 |
| Qatar | 1 | 100 | - |
| Australia | 22 | 98.8 | 6.5 |
| Kuwait | 23 | 98.7 | 10.1 |
| United States of America | 24 | 98 | 4 |
| Cyprus | 25 | 97.7 | 6.4 |
| New Zealand | 26 | 97.6 | 5.8 |
| Malta | 27 | 97.1 | 7.7 |
| Barbados | 28 | 96.5 | 5.3 |
| Austria | 29 | 96.4 | 5.3 |
| Italy | 30 | 90.4 | 5.4 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 31 | 89.6 | 6.5 |
| Portugal | 32 | 85.8 | 9.8 |
| Egypt | 33 | 85 | 15.8 |
| Greece | 34 | 84 | 5.1 |
| Turkmenistan | 35 | 83.2 | 12.6 |
| Iran | 36 | 82.8 | 15.2 |
| Spain | 37 | 81.3 | 6.5 |
| Tunisia | 38 | 81.1 | 13.4 |
| Lebanon | 39 | 80.3 | 14.7 |
| Algeria | 40 | 78.9 | 15.2 |
| Bahrain | 41 | 77.4 | 11.5 |
| Turkey | 42 | 76.2 | 13.6 |
| Saudi Arabia | 42 | 76.2 | 16.9 |
| Brunei Darussalam | 44 | 75.8 | 6.1 |
| Iraq | 45 | 75.7 | 24.1 |
| Slovakia | 46 | 75.2 | 6.1 |
| Venezuela | 47 | 74.9 | 7.2 |
| Czech Republic | 48 | 74.5 | 4.6 |
| Seychelles | 49 | 72.3 | 7.7 |
| Oman | 50 | 70.8 | 15.3 |
| Malaysia | 51 | 70.7 | 7.6 |
| Belarus | 52 | 70.6 | 10.8 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 53 | 69.8 | 7.1 |
| Bahamas | 54 | 67.5 | 5 |
| Lithuania | 55 | 64.7 | 8.4 |
| Uruguay | 56 | 64.6 | 7.2 |
| Russia | 57 | 63.7 | 8.3 |
| Mauritius | 58 | 63.3 | 10.1 |
| Cuba | 59 | 63.1 | 7.6 |
| Taiwan | 60 | 61.2 | 5.6 |
| Argentina | 61 | 60.9 | 6.4 |
| Slovenia | 62 | 60.6 | 5.3 |
| Estonia | 63 | 60.2 | 8.7 |
| Chile | 64 | 59.5 | 7.8 |
| Croatia | 65 | 58.3 | 6.2 |
| Armenia | 66 | 57 | 11.2 |
| Latvia | 67 | 55.2 | 5.9 |
| Grenada | 68 | 54.2 | 6.4 |
| Costa Rica | 69 | 54 | 5.7 |
| Saint Lucia | 70 | 53.7 | 7 |
| Ukraine | 71 | 51.1 | 4 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 72 | 50 | 4.8 |
| Ecuador | 72 | 50 | 8.4 |
| Poland | 74 | 49.7 | 6.1 |
| Panama | 75 | 47.3 | 8.2 |
| Moldova | 76 | 46.8 | 10.3 |
| Colombia | 77 | 46 | 9.2 |
| Dominica | 78 | 45.7 | 4.2 |
| Romania | 79 | 44.7 | 6.3 |
| Morocco | 80 | 44.6 | 13.2 |
| Hungary | 81 | 43.7 | 4.4 |
| Jamaica | 82 | 42.7 | 4.8 |
| Brazil | 83 | 42.3 | 8 |
| Gabon | 84 | 42.2 | 14.4 |
| Kazakhstan | 85 | 40.7 | 9 |
| Azerbaijan | 85 | 40.7 | 8.4 |
| Maldives | 87 | 40.6 | 8.9 |
| Peru | 88 | 40.4 | 10.3 |
| Thailand | 89 | 40.1 | 6.7 |
| Mexico | 90 | 39.5 | 4.5 |
| Suriname | 91 | 39.3 | 5.9 |
| Guyana | 92 | 39.1 | 9.2 |
| Serbia | 93 | 38.7 | 6 |
| El Salvador | 94 | 38.6 | 10.5 |
| Bulgaria | 95 | 38.2 | 3.6 |
| Dominican Republic | 96 | 37.8 | 5.2 |
| Belize | 97 | 37.1 | 5.2 |
| South Africa | 98 | 36.2 | 10 |
| Montenegro | 99 | 34.8 | 3 |
| Albania | 100 | 34.6 | 4.8 |
| North Macedonia | 101 | 34.5 | 4.8 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 102 | 33.5 | 4.1 |
| China | 103 | 33 | 8.9 |
| Equatorial Guinea | 104 | 32.8 | 12.7 |
| Uzbekistan | 104 | 32.8 | 9 |
| Paraguay | 106 | 30.5 | 6.5 |
| Cabo Verde | 107 | 30.3 | 7.1 |
| Georgia | 108 | 29.3 | 6.7 |
| Bolivia | 109 | 28.4 | 5.6 |
| Sri Lanka | 110 | 27.3 | 5.2 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 111 | 26.8 | 7.7 |
| Djibouti | 112 | 25 | 5.1 |
| Viet Nam | 113 | 24.9 | 5.5 |
| Tonga | 114 | 24.3 | 4.2 |
| Nicaragua | 115 | 24.1 | 4.1 |
| Indonesia | 116 | 23.3 | 5.8 |
| Mongolia | 117 | 22.8 | 8 |
| Fiji | 118 | 22.6 | 5.4 |
| Guatemala | 119 | 21.7 | 5.2 |
| Botswana | 120 | 20.8 | 4.7 |
| Tajikistan | 121 | 20.5 | 5.9 |
| Namibia | 122 | 20.4 | 5.5 |
| Mauritania | 123 | 19.8 | 5.6 |
| Philippines | 124 | 19.7 | 5 |
| Sudan | 124 | 19.7 | 7.8 |
| Honduras | 126 | 19.4 | 2.2 |
| Republic of Congo | 127 | 18.7 | 6.3 |
| Bhutan | 128 | 18.6 | 4.4 |
| India | 128 | 18.6 | 6.6 |
| Ghana | 130 | 17.8 | 5.7 |
| Angola | 130 | 17.8 | 8.3 |
| Micronesia | 132 | 17.4 | 4.2 |
| Marshall Islands | 133 | 16.9 | 3.9 |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 134 | 16 | 4.9 |
| Bangladesh | 134 | 16 | 6.8 |
| Eswatini | 136 | 15.5 | 5.5 |
| Cameroon | 137 | 14.7 | 4.8 |
| Samoa | 138 | 14.4 | 2.8 |
| Nepal | 139 | 14.1 | 4.9 |
| Kenya | 140 | 13.9 | 3.2 |
| Pakistan | 141 | 12.9 | 4.7 |
| Zambia | 142 | 12.5 | 4.5 |
| Senegal | 143 | 12.3 | 2 |
| Myanmar | 143 | 12.3 | 4.5 |
| Rwanda | 145 | 11.8 | 3 |
| Nigeria | 146 | 11.7 | 4 |
| Timor-Leste | 147 | 11.5 | 1.2 |
| Comoros | 147 | 11.5 | 2.7 |
| Liberia | 149 | 11.4 | 3 |
| Uganda | 150 | 11.3 | 2.7 |
| Cambodia | 151 | 11.2 | 3.5 |
| Togo | 152 | 10.7 | 3.3 |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 153 | 10.6 | 4 |
| Tanzania | 153 | 10.6 | 2.4 |
| Ethiopia | 155 | 10.5 | 4.1 |
| Gambia | 155 | 10.5 | 2.1 |
| Eritrea | 157 | 10.3 | 3.2 |
| Zimbabwe | 158 | 10.2 | 2.5 |
| Lesotho | 159 | 10 | 3.2 |
| Dem. Rep. Congo | 160 | 9.8 | 4.2 |
| Laos | 161 | 9.4 | 4 |
| Malawi | 162 | 9.3 | 2.8 |
| Benin | 163 | 9 | 2.8 |
| Haiti | 164 | 7.8 | 1.9 |
| Burundi | 165 | 7.4 | 2.2 |
| Madagascar | 165 | 7.4 | 2.4 |
| Afghanistan | 167 | 7.3 | 4.7 |
| Mozambique | 168 | 7 | 2.1 |
| Sierra Leone | 168 | 7 | 3.5 |
| Mali | 170 | 6.8 | 1.7 |
| Kiribati | 171 | 6.5 | 2.5 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 172 | 6.4 | 2.9 |
| Burkina Faso | 173 | 6.2 | 0.8 |
| Guinea | 174 | 6.1 | 2.1 |
| Vanuatu | 175 | 5.9 | 0.9 |
| Niger | 176 | 5.4 | 1.1 |
| Chad | 177 | 5.3 | 2.5 |
| Papua New Guinea | 178 | 4.8 | 1.8 |
| Central African Republic | 179 | 2.8 | 1.8 |
| Solomon Islands | 180 | - | - |