The Air Quality issue category measures the direct impacts of air pollution on human health in each country. It consists of three indicators: PM2.5 exposure, household solid fuels, and ozone exposure.
Air Quality
| Country | Rank | EPI Score | 10-Year Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Finland | 1 | 98.8 | 6.7 |
| Australia | 2 | 98.2 | 2.9 |
| Sweden | 2 | 98.2 | 3.9 |
| Iceland | 4 | 98.1 | 0.2 |
| Norway | 5 | 97.9 | 6.5 |
| New Zealand | 6 | 97.4 | 2.2 |
| Canada | 7 | 94.8 | 4.2 |
| Ireland | 8 | 94 | 10.7 |
| Switzerland | 9 | 90.6 | 7.9 |
| France | 10 | 88.1 | 8.3 |
| Luxembourg | 11 | 87.2 | 9 |
| Japan | 12 | 85.9 | 0.1 |
| Denmark | 13 | 85.5 | 8.8 |
| United Kingdom | 14 | 84.7 | 5.5 |
| Portugal | 15 | 84.4 | 11.1 |
| United States of America | 16 | 84.2 | 7.5 |
| Netherlands | 17 | 82.4 | 6.4 |
| Austria | 18 | 81.3 | 8.8 |
| Germany | 19 | 81.1 | 6.4 |
| Belgium | 20 | 80.7 | 8 |
| Estonia | 21 | 80.3 | 17.6 |
| Spain | 22 | 80.2 | 8 |
| Malta | 23 | 77.6 | 10.1 |
| Singapore | 24 | 76.9 | 3.9 |
| Israel | 25 | 76.5 | 6.5 |
| Italy | 26 | 75.9 | 7.3 |
| Cyprus | 27 | 73.1 | 8.3 |
| South Korea | 28 | 71.7 | 1.9 |
| Brunei Darussalam | 29 | 68.4 | -1.9 |
| Uruguay | 30 | 67.7 | 4.1 |
| Greece | 31 | 67.5 | 8.1 |
| Barbados | 32 | 66 | 1.3 |
| Lithuania | 33 | 62.7 | 14.5 |
| Slovenia | 34 | 60.9 | 6.2 |
| Czech Republic | 35 | 58.8 | 6.4 |
| Jordan | 36 | 58 | 7.6 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 37 | 57.5 | 3.1 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 38 | 57.2 | 2.4 |
| Argentina | 39 | 56.9 | 3.6 |
| Costa Rica | 40 | 56.2 | 2.8 |
| Slovakia | 40 | 56.2 | 7.7 |
| Chile | 42 | 56.1 | 4.3 |
| Panama | 43 | 56 | 5.7 |
| Bahamas | 44 | 55.6 | 2.6 |
| Kuwait | 45 | 55 | 6.4 |
| Latvia | 46 | 54.8 | 13 |
| Russia | 47 | 54.1 | 14.1 |
| Cuba | 48 | 53.9 | 3.9 |
| Seychelles | 49 | 53.6 | 1.3 |
| Taiwan | 50 | 53.2 | 3.3 |
| Venezuela | 51 | 51.3 | 2.9 |
| Maldives | 52 | 51.2 | 6.5 |
| Mauritius | 53 | 51.1 | 5.7 |
| Croatia | 54 | 50.8 | 7.1 |
| Malaysia | 55 | 50.3 | 4.6 |
| Brazil | 56 | 50 | 7.5 |
| Belarus | 57 | 49.9 | 13.2 |
| Turkey | 58 | 49.5 | 9.2 |
| Iran | 59 | 49.2 | 9.4 |
| Colombia | 60 | 49.1 | 6.5 |
| Tunisia | 61 | 48.7 | 8.3 |
| Ecuador | 61 | 48.7 | 4.9 |
| United Arab Emirates | 63 | 48.6 | 4.7 |
| Qatar | 63 | 48.6 | 4.3 |
| Lebanon | 65 | 47.8 | 8.3 |
| Paraguay | 66 | 47 | 3.2 |
| Saint Lucia | 67 | 46.3 | 1.3 |
| Peru | 68 | 46 | 5.2 |
| Algeria | 69 | 45.3 | 7.2 |
| Poland | 70 | 44.7 | 6.9 |
| Moldova | 71 | 44.3 | 14.3 |
| Dominica | 72 | 44.2 | 0.6 |
| Romania | 73 | 43.6 | 8.3 |
| Jamaica | 73 | 43.6 | 0.2 |
| Grenada | 75 | 42.9 | 2.5 |
| Hungary | 76 | 42.8 | 7 |
| El Salvador | 77 | 42.6 | 1.2 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 77 | 42.6 | 0.7 |
| Turkmenistan | 79 | 42 | 6.3 |
| Nicaragua | 80 | 41.7 | -0.1 |
| Albania | 81 | 41.2 | 4.1 |
| Bahrain | 81 | 41.2 | 8.3 |
| Mexico | 83 | 40.8 | 2 |
| Mozambique | 84 | 40.7 | -1.7 |
| Thailand | 85 | 40.6 | 5.3 |
| Ukraine | 86 | 39.8 | 5.4 |
| Malawi | 87 | 39.6 | 1.2 |
| Tonga | 88 | 39.5 | 0.8 |
| Belize | 89 | 39.4 | -0.1 |
| Ethiopia | 90 | 38 | -1.7 |
| Sri Lanka | 91 | 37.8 | 4.1 |
| Comoros | 92 | 37.7 | -1.8 |
| Dominican Republic | 93 | 37.4 | -1.2 |
| Suriname | 93 | 37.4 | 2.7 |
| Saudi Arabia | 93 | 37.4 | 10.1 |
| Oman | 96 | 36.4 | 10.3 |
| Armenia | 97 | 36.3 | 7.6 |
| Iraq | 97 | 36.3 | 13.1 |
| Madagascar | 99 | 36.1 | -2 |
| Burundi | 100 | 36 | -0.4 |
| Tanzania | 101 | 35.8 | -0.8 |
| Honduras | 102 | 35.4 | -1.4 |
| Egypt | 103 | 35.3 | 6.5 |
| Kenya | 104 | 34.9 | 2.2 |
| Guatemala | 105 | 34.3 | 1.2 |
| Papua New Guinea | 106 | 33.9 | 0.2 |
| Montenegro | 106 | 33.9 | 4.6 |
| Serbia | 108 | 33.6 | 7.5 |
| Timor-Leste | 108 | 33.6 | -3.5 |
| Samoa | 110 | 33.4 | -0.3 |
| Bulgaria | 111 | 33 | 5 |
| Uganda | 112 | 32.6 | -1.7 |
| Marshall Islands | 113 | 32.5 | 1.3 |
| Bolivia | 114 | 32.4 | 3.1 |
| Viet Nam | 115 | 32 | 4.5 |
| Kazakhstan | 115 | 32 | 6.6 |
| Guyana | 117 | 31.9 | 5 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 118 | 31.6 | 3.6 |
| Haiti | 119 | 31.1 | -1.5 |
| Georgia | 119 | 31.1 | 4.5 |
| Liberia | 121 | 30.9 | -3.9 |
| Rwanda | 121 | 30.9 | -1.7 |
| Philippines | 123 | 30.4 | 3.8 |
| Niger | 124 | 30.3 | -2.2 |
| Cambodia | 125 | 30.1 | 2.6 |
| Fiji | 126 | 30 | 0.3 |
| Dem. Rep. Congo | 127 | 29.9 | -4.2 |
| Mali | 128 | 29.2 | -1.8 |
| Kiribati | 128 | 29.2 | -1.3 |
| Micronesia | 130 | 29 | 0.4 |
| Burkina Faso | 131 | 28.9 | -3.3 |
| South Africa | 131 | 28.9 | 7.7 |
| Vanuatu | 133 | 28.6 | -1.6 |
| Gabon | 134 | 28.2 | 5.4 |
| Laos | 135 | 27.8 | 3.3 |
| Zimbabwe | 136 | 27.2 | 1.7 |
| China | 137 | 27.1 | 6.7 |
| Solomon Islands | 138 | 27 | -3.8 |
| Morocco | 138 | 27 | 3.7 |
| Zambia | 138 | 27 | -0.4 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 138 | 27 | 5.7 |
| Chad | 142 | 26.8 | -2.2 |
| Indonesia | 142 | 26.8 | 2.6 |
| Angola | 142 | 26.8 | -1.8 |
| North Macedonia | 145 | 26.5 | 5.7 |
| Cabo Verde | 145 | 26.5 | -6.4 |
| Benin | 147 | 25.6 | -2.8 |
| Senegal | 148 | 25.4 | -1.8 |
| Sierra Leone | 149 | 25.1 | -1.9 |
| Azerbaijan | 150 | 24.9 | 5 |
| Guinea | 151 | 24.7 | -1.3 |
| Equatorial Guinea | 152 | 24.6 | 0.3 |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 152 | 24.6 | -2.8 |
| Namibia | 154 | 24.4 | 2.7 |
| Bhutan | 154 | 24.4 | - |
| Togo | 156 | 24.1 | -2 |
| Gambia | 157 | 23.9 | -3.4 |
| Mauritania | 158 | 22.4 | 0.3 |
| Eritrea | 159 | 22.1 | -1.2 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 159 | 22.1 | -0.5 |
| Central African Republic | 161 | 22 | -0.4 |
| Eswatini | 162 | 21.1 | 2.7 |
| Djibouti | 162 | 21.1 | 1.2 |
| Myanmar | 164 | 20.7 | 3.8 |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 165 | 20.3 | -1.6 |
| Bangladesh | 166 | 20.2 | 0.8 |
| Republic of Congo | 167 | 20 | -0.8 |
| Botswana | 168 | 19.7 | 3.2 |
| Nigeria | 169 | 18 | -2.2 |
| Ghana | 169 | 18 | -0.9 |
| Afghanistan | 171 | 17.7 | -3.6 |
| Sudan | 172 | 17.6 | -1.9 |
| Mongolia | 173 | 17.4 | 2.9 |
| Cameroon | 174 | 16.4 | -1.1 |
| Lesotho | 175 | 15.3 | 1 |
| Tajikistan | 176 | 15.2 | 0.3 |
| Uzbekistan | 177 | 15 | 3.7 |
| Nepal | 178 | 14.6 | -1.3 |
| India | 179 | 13.4 | 0.4 |
| Pakistan | 180 | 9.9 | -0.9 |