The Air Quality issue category measures the direct impacts of air pollution on human health in each country. It consists of seven indicators: PM2.5 exposure, household solid fuels, ozone exposure, nitrogen oxides exposure, sulfur dioxide exposure, carbon monoxide exposure, and volatile organic compound exposure.
Air Quality
| Country | Rank | EPI Score | 10-Year Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Iceland | 1 | 96.00 | 1.80 |
| Sweden | 2 | 94.00 | 5.90 |
| Finland | 3 | 93.50 | 8.90 |
| New Zealand | 4 | 93.20 | 4.00 |
| Norway | 5 | 92.40 | 8.40 |
| Australia | 6 | 91.10 | 4.70 |
| Ireland | 7 | 89.10 | 12.80 |
| Canada | 8 | 88.00 | 5.50 |
| Switzerland | 9 | 84.30 | 8.80 |
| France | 10 | 82.00 | 9.50 |
| Luxembourg | 11 | 81.00 | 10.00 |
| Denmark | 12 | 80.50 | 9.50 |
| Japan | 13 | 78.90 | 1.70 |
| United Kingdom | 14 | 78.60 | 7.00 |
| Portugal | 15 | 78.10 | 12.80 |
| United States of America | 16 | 77.00 | 9.10 |
| Netherlands | 17 | 76.80 | 7.50 |
| Germany | 18 | 75.20 | 7.10 |
| Austria | 19 | 75.00 | 9.70 |
| Belgium | 20 | 74.60 | 9.30 |
| Estonia | 20 | 74.60 | 19.40 |
| Spain | 22 | 74.00 | 9.30 |
| Malta | 23 | 73.20 | 11.10 |
| Italy | 24 | 69.40 | 8.60 |
| Singapore | 25 | 69.20 | 5.10 |
| Cyprus | 26 | 68.30 | 9.90 |
| Israel | 27 | 68.00 | 6.90 |
| Barbados | 28 | 65.30 | 1.90 |
| Uruguay | 29 | 63.60 | 3.90 |
| South Korea | 30 | 62.90 | 3.10 |
| Greece | 31 | 62.00 | 8.90 |
| Brunei Darussalam | 32 | 61.70 | -0.70 |
| Lithuania | 33 | 58.40 | 14.40 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 34 | 56.50 | 3.80 |
| Slovenia | 35 | 55.10 | 7.30 |
| Seychelles | 36 | 54.80 | 2.30 |
| Bahamas | 37 | 54.50 | 3.80 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 38 | 54.30 | 3.30 |
| Czech Republic | 39 | 53.30 | 7.30 |
| Argentina | 40 | 52.00 | 3.90 |
| Maldives | 40 | 52.00 | 6.50 |
| Panama | 42 | 51.90 | 5.60 |
| Costa Rica | 43 | 51.40 | 0.90 |
| Latvia | 44 | 51.10 | 13.50 |
| Slovakia | 45 | 50.90 | 9.30 |
| Jordan | 46 | 50.70 | 8.30 |
| Mauritius | 46 | 50.70 | 7.40 |
| Cuba | 48 | 50.60 | 4.20 |
| Russia | 49 | 48.80 | 13.70 |
| Chile | 50 | 48.40 | 4.20 |
| Kuwait | 51 | 47.00 | 8.60 |
| Venezuela | 52 | 46.70 | 4.00 |
| Taiwan | 53 | 46.20 | 4.20 |
| Belarus | 54 | 46.10 | 13.00 |
| Saint Lucia | 55 | 46.00 | 2.60 |
| Croatia | 56 | 45.80 | 8.30 |
| Brazil | 57 | 44.90 | 7.40 |
| Turkey | 58 | 44.60 | 9.50 |
| Ecuador | 59 | 44.10 | 4.80 |
| Colombia | 60 | 44.00 | 6.60 |
| Dominica | 60 | 44.00 | 0.90 |
| Malaysia | 62 | 43.70 | 5.10 |
| Grenada | 63 | 43.50 | 2.40 |
| Paraguay | 64 | 43.30 | 3.10 |
| Tunisia | 64 | 43.30 | 8.30 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 66 | 42.70 | 1.10 |
| Qatar | 67 | 42.10 | 1.00 |
| Tonga | 68 | 41.90 | 0.90 |
| United Arab Emirates | 69 | 41.70 | 1.80 |
| Iran | 70 | 41.60 | 9.20 |
| Peru | 71 | 41.50 | 3.70 |
| Lebanon | 72 | 41.20 | 8.60 |
| Moldova | 73 | 40.50 | 14.00 |
| Poland | 74 | 40.40 | 8.50 |
| Jamaica | 75 | 39.80 | 2.70 |
| Algeria | 76 | 39.40 | 7.10 |
| Romania | 77 | 39.20 | 9.20 |
| Turkmenistan | 78 | 38.70 | 5.80 |
| Comoros | 79 | 38.40 | -1.30 |
| Hungary | 80 | 38.20 | 7.90 |
| Nicaragua | 80 | 38.20 | 0.20 |
| Mozambique | 82 | 37.90 | -2.40 |
| Belize | 83 | 37.60 | NA |
| Albania | 84 | 37.50 | 5.00 |
| Suriname | 85 | 36.90 | 2.80 |
| El Salvador | 86 | 36.70 | 2.00 |
| Samoa | 87 | 36.00 | 0.50 |
| Ukraine | 88 | 35.90 | 6.60 |
| Malawi | 89 | 35.70 | 0.60 |
| Marshall Islands | 90 | 34.90 | 1.30 |
| Bahrain | 91 | 34.70 | 7.70 |
| Egypt | 92 | 34.60 | 6.50 |
| Thailand | 93 | 34.40 | 5.20 |
| Mexico | 94 | 34.20 | 2.30 |
| Ethiopia | 95 | 33.70 | -2.00 |
| Madagascar | 96 | 33.60 | -2.00 |
| Dominican Republic | 97 | 33.50 | -1.00 |
| Tanzania | 98 | 33.20 | -1.00 |
| Saudi Arabia | 99 | 32.80 | 7.00 |
| Timor-Leste | 100 | 32.50 | -3.90 |
| Sri Lanka | 100 | 32.50 | 3.50 |
| Armenia | 102 | 32.10 | 7.60 |
| Guyana | 102 | 32.10 | 5.10 |
| Kiribati | 102 | 32.10 | -1.00 |
| Iraq | 105 | 31.80 | 9.70 |
| Oman | 105 | 31.80 | 6.70 |
| Papua New Guinea | 107 | 31.70 | -0.10 |
| Micronesia | 108 | 31.60 | 0.80 |
| Honduras | 109 | 31.30 | -2.00 |
| Burundi | 110 | 30.70 | -1.10 |
| Vanuatu | 110 | 30.70 | -1.40 |
| Montenegro | 110 | 30.70 | 5.20 |
| Fiji | 113 | 30.30 | 0.70 |
| Bolivia | 114 | 30.00 | 2.80 |
| Kenya | 114 | 30.00 | 1.00 |
| Serbia | 116 | 29.40 | 8.80 |
| Guatemala | 117 | 29.10 | 0.70 |
| Bulgaria | 118 | 28.60 | 5.80 |
| Kazakhstan | 118 | 28.60 | 6.60 |
| Solomon Islands | 118 | 28.60 | -3.70 |
| Liberia | 121 | 28.30 | -3.00 |
| Haiti | 122 | 28.20 | -1.60 |
| Cabo Verde | 123 | 28.00 | -5.50 |
| Georgia | 124 | 27.90 | 4.70 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 125 | 27.80 | 4.30 |
| Uganda | 126 | 27.40 | -2.60 |
| Niger | 127 | 27.10 | -2.10 |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 128 | 26.80 | -3.20 |
| Mali | 129 | 26.70 | -2.10 |
| Viet Nam | 130 | 26.50 | 4.20 |
| Burkina Faso | 131 | 26.10 | -3.90 |
| Cambodia | 132 | 25.90 | 2.40 |
| Philippines | 132 | 25.90 | 4.30 |
| Gabon | 134 | 25.70 | 5.30 |
| Dem. Rep. Congo | 135 | 25.10 | -4.00 |
| Rwanda | 136 | 24.70 | -2.20 |
| Chad | 137 | 24.30 | -2.10 |
| Zimbabwe | 138 | 23.90 | 1.70 |
| Zambia | 139 | 23.60 | -0.70 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 140 | 23.50 | 6.00 |
| Angola | 141 | 23.10 | -1.80 |
| Equatorial Guinea | 142 | 22.90 | -0.60 |
| Morocco | 143 | 22.70 | 3.20 |
| Laos | 144 | 22.60 | 3.20 |
| North Macedonia | 144 | 22.60 | 6.80 |
| Benin | 146 | 22.30 | -3.60 |
| Namibia | 147 | 22.20 | 2.80 |
| South Africa | 147 | 22.20 | 7.50 |
| Azerbaijan | 149 | 22.10 | 4.60 |
| Senegal | 149 | 22.10 | -0.90 |
| Sierra Leone | 151 | 21.60 | -0.80 |
| Indonesia | 152 | 21.50 | 2.90 |
| Mauritania | 153 | 21.10 | 0.10 |
| Guinea | 154 | 21.00 | -1.40 |
| Togo | 154 | 21.00 | -2.40 |
| Gambia | 156 | 20.70 | -3.70 |
| China | 157 | 20.60 | 6.60 |
| Bhutan | 158 | 19.60 | -0.50 |
| Djibouti | 158 | 19.60 | 0.50 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 160 | 19.40 | -0.60 |
| Eritrea | 161 | 19.30 | -1.80 |
| Central African Republic | 162 | 19.00 | -0.50 |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 163 | 18.20 | -1.50 |
| Botswana | 164 | 17.10 | 2.80 |
| Eswatini | 165 | 16.90 | 2.70 |
| Myanmar | 165 | 16.90 | 4.40 |
| Republic of Congo | 167 | 16.70 | -0.80 |
| Uzbekistan | 167 | 16.70 | 3.70 |
| Sudan | 169 | 15.60 | -2.40 |
| Afghanistan | 170 | 15.50 | -4.30 |
| Ghana | 171 | 15.30 | -1.40 |
| Mongolia | 172 | 14.90 | 2.60 |
| Bangladesh | 173 | 14.40 | 0.20 |
| Nigeria | 174 | 13.80 | -3.00 |
| Cameroon | 175 | 13.20 | -1.80 |
| Tajikistan | 176 | 12.20 | NA |
| Lesotho | 177 | 11.10 | 0.40 |
| Nepal | 178 | 9.50 | -1.80 |
| India | 179 | 7.80 | NA |
| Pakistan | 180 | 5.70 | -0.30 |