We derive the terrestrial biome protection indicator by first calculating the proportion of each biome in a country that lies within a protected area. For the terrestrial biome protection (national weights) indicator, we then give greater weight to biomes that are relatively rare within a country – and less weight to prevalent biomes – before aggregating the proportions. A score of 100 indicates that a country protects at least 17% of each of its biome types, corresponding to Aichi Target 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Data for this indicator come from the World Database on Protected Areas.
Terrestrial biome protection (national weights)
| Country | Rank | EPI Score | 10-Year Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cyprus | 1 | 100.00 | 1.60 |
| Albania | 1 | 100.00 | 20.50 |
| Armenia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Austria | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Benin | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Bulgaria | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Comoros | 1 | 100.00 | 40.00 |
| Bahamas | 1 | 100.00 | 50.10 |
| Brunei Darussalam | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Bhutan | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Botswana | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Czech Republic | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Germany | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| France | 1 | 100.00 | 1.40 |
| Italy | 1 | 100.00 | 6.60 |
| Cambodia | 1 | 100.00 | 25.60 |
| Spain | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Estonia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Croatia | 1 | 100.00 | 37.70 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Equatorial Guinea | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Greece | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Hungary | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Japan | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Kiribati | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Laos | 1 | 100.00 | 28.40 |
| Luxembourg | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Latvia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Malta | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Malawi | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Namibia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Poland | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Portugal | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Senegal | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Slovakia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Slovenia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Seychelles | 1 | 100.00 | 33.30 |
| Taiwan | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Venezuela | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Zambia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Netherlands | 43 | 99.80 | 9.80 |
| Guinea | 44 | 99.70 | NA |
| Lithuania | 44 | 99.70 | 1.10 |
| Zimbabwe | 44 | 99.70 | NA |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 47 | 99.40 | NA |
| Tanzania | 47 | 99.40 | 0.10 |
| Belize | 49 | 99.30 | 0.50 |
| Costa Rica | 50 | 99.10 | 0.10 |
| United Kingdom | 51 | 98.40 | 0.10 |
| Kuwait | 51 | 98.40 | 80.70 |
| Togo | 51 | 98.40 | NA |
| Republic of Congo | 54 | 98.30 | 15.20 |
| South Korea | 54 | 98.30 | 14.80 |
| United Arab Emirates | 56 | 97.20 | 92.70 |
| Bolivia | 57 | 97.10 | NA |
| Central African Republic | 58 | 97.00 | NA |
| Romania | 59 | 96.30 | 17.90 |
| Burkina Faso | 60 | 96.00 | 0.70 |
| Uganda | 61 | 95.20 | NA |
| Mozambique | 62 | 95.00 | 3.00 |
| Timor-Leste | 63 | 94.50 | 19.10 |
| Panama | 64 | 94.10 | NA |
| Dominican Republic | 65 | 91.50 | 10.30 |
| New Zealand | 66 | 91.30 | 1.40 |
| Ecuador | 67 | 91.00 | 13.30 |
| Australia | 68 | 90.90 | 30.00 |
| Belgium | 69 | 90.80 | 48.30 |
| Niger | 69 | 90.80 | 39.50 |
| Sri Lanka | 71 | 90.70 | 2.40 |
| Philippines | 71 | 90.70 | 22.20 |
| Gabon | 73 | 89.90 | 0.10 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 74 | 88.70 | NA |
| Brazil | 75 | 87.30 | 1.00 |
| Nicaragua | 76 | 86.80 | NA |
| Jamaica | 77 | 86.10 | 1.70 |
| Colombia | 78 | 86.00 | 3.20 |
| Peru | 79 | 85.80 | 2.40 |
| Denmark | 80 | 84.80 | 4.50 |
| Ireland | 81 | 82.90 | 5.70 |
| Paraguay | 81 | 82.90 | 0.80 |
| Norway | 83 | 82.10 | 3.50 |
| Iceland | 84 | 81.00 | 4.20 |
| Dem. Rep. Congo | 85 | 80.60 | 7.40 |
| Mongolia | 85 | 80.60 | 7.20 |
| Mexico | 87 | 80.50 | 5.40 |
| Belarus | 88 | 80.30 | 2.50 |
| Dominica | 89 | 80.20 | NA |
| Qatar | 90 | 79.30 | NA |
| Nigeria | 91 | 78.10 | NA |
| Honduras | 92 | 77.50 | 5.70 |
| Ethiopia | 93 | 77.30 | 12.50 |
| Israel | 94 | 76.90 | 2.90 |
| Ghana | 94 | 76.90 | NA |
| Guatemala | 96 | 76.70 | 0.80 |
| Nepal | 97 | 76.30 | 8.60 |
| Thailand | 98 | 75.70 | 0.20 |
| Sierra Leone | 99 | 75.50 | 22.40 |
| Egypt | 100 | 75.40 | 0.10 |
| Ukraine | 101 | 75.30 | NA |
| Malaysia | 102 | 74.50 | 25.50 |
| Montenegro | 103 | 73.60 | 25.80 |
| Finland | 104 | 73.30 | 15.00 |
| Kenya | 105 | 70.10 | 0.80 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 106 | 68.40 | NA |
| Chad | 107 | 68.10 | NA |
| Indonesia | 108 | 66.20 | 0.20 |
| Georgia | 109 | 64.30 | 19.00 |
| Tajikistan | 110 | 64.00 | NA |
| Canada | 111 | 63.20 | 10.30 |
| North Macedonia | 112 | 62.90 | 11.60 |
| Sweden | 113 | 62.60 | 12.30 |
| Moldova | 114 | 62.30 | NA |
| Pakistan | 115 | 62.00 | NA |
| Chile | 116 | 61.10 | 2.20 |
| Russia | 117 | 60.00 | 5.10 |
| Saint Lucia | 118 | 59.60 | NA |
| Cuba | 119 | 58.90 | 15.10 |
| Tonga | 120 | 58.30 | NA |
| Switzerland | 121 | 57.90 | 17.40 |
| Cameroon | 122 | 57.80 | 13.80 |
| Suriname | 123 | 57.50 | NA |
| Kazakhstan | 124 | 56.30 | 4.00 |
| United States of America | 125 | 55.50 | 1.20 |
| Rwanda | 126 | 51.40 | 0.70 |
| Serbia | 127 | 50.90 | 13.60 |
| Azerbaijan | 128 | 50.70 | 0.10 |
| Guyana | 129 | 48.90 | 19.50 |
| Grenada | 130 | 48.10 | 1.10 |
| Burundi | 131 | 46.70 | 10.80 |
| Samoa | 132 | 45.60 | NA |
| Viet Nam | 133 | 43.90 | 11.10 |
| Haiti | 134 | 43.60 | 31.40 |
| South Africa | 135 | 43.40 | 5.90 |
| Gambia | 136 | 42.80 | 11.30 |
| Madagascar | 137 | 42.70 | 5.00 |
| Argentina | 138 | 41.70 | 1.80 |
| Iran | 139 | 40.90 | NA |
| El Salvador | 140 | 40.00 | 15.00 |
| Angola | 141 | 34.10 | NA |
| Uzbekistan | 142 | 33.80 | 10.10 |
| Myanmar | 143 | 32.40 | 12.10 |
| Tunisia | 144 | 32.00 | 14.10 |
| Mali | 145 | 30.70 | 1.60 |
| Singapore | 146 | 29.20 | NA |
| Saudi Arabia | 147 | 28.00 | NA |
| Mauritius | 148 | 27.80 | 1.20 |
| Eswatini | 149 | 24.70 | 1.20 |
| Vanuatu | 150 | 24.10 | NA |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 151 | 22.70 | 3.30 |
| Jordan | 152 | 21.60 | 17.50 |
| Liberia | 153 | 21.30 | NA |
| Kyrgyzstan | 154 | 20.70 | 0.20 |
| Afghanistan | 155 | 20.60 | 20.00 |
| Uruguay | 156 | 20.50 | 4.60 |
| Oman | 157 | 19.30 | 4.80 |
| Turkmenistan | 158 | 18.80 | NA |
| Bangladesh | 159 | 18.20 | 0.80 |
| Papua New Guinea | 160 | 17.90 | 2.70 |
| Cabo Verde | 161 | 16.90 | 0.30 |
| Bahrain | 162 | 14.70 | NA |
| Fiji | 163 | 14.40 | NA |
| Morocco | 164 | 12.10 | 0.20 |
| Sudan | 165 | 11.60 | -19.40 |
| Lebanon | 166 | 11.00 | 2.20 |
| Maldives | 167 | 10.40 | 10.30 |
| Iraq | 168 | 8.60 | 5.30 |
| Djibouti | 169 | 7.80 | 7.40 |
| Algeria | 170 | 7.10 | 0.10 |
| Marshall Islands | 171 | 5.00 | NA |
| China | 172 | 4.60 | 2.30 |
| Mauritania | 173 | 3.60 | NA |
| Barbados | 174 | 2.80 | NA |
| Lesotho | 174 | 2.80 | NA |
| Solomon Islands | 176 | 1.90 | 0.30 |
| India | 177 | 1.20 | 0.10 |
| Turkey | 178 | 1.10 | NA |
| Eritrea | 179 | NA | NA |
| Micronesia | 179 | NA | NA |