We derive the terrestrial biome protection indicator by first calculating the proportion of each biome in a country that lies within a protected area. For the terrestrial biome protection (global weights) indicator, we then give greater weight to biomes that are relatively rare across the globe – and less weight to prevalent biomes – before aggregating the proportions. A score of 100 indicates that a country protects at least 17% of each of its biome types, corresponding to Aichi Target 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Data for this indicator come from the World Database on Protected Areas.
Terrestrial biome protection (global weights)
| Country | Rank | EPI Score | 10-Year Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cyprus | 1 | 100.00 | 1.60 |
| Albania | 1 | 100.00 | 20.90 |
| Comoros | 1 | 100.00 | 40.00 |
| Bahamas | 1 | 100.00 | 53.40 |
| Armenia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Austria | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Benin | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Bulgaria | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Brunei Darussalam | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Bhutan | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Botswana | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Czech Republic | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Germany | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| France | 1 | 100.00 | 1.00 |
| Spain | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Estonia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Guinea-Bissau | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Equatorial Guinea | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Greece | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Italy | 1 | 100.00 | 7.10 |
| Cambodia | 1 | 100.00 | 33.90 |
| Croatia | 1 | 100.00 | 42.00 |
| Hungary | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Japan | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Kiribati | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Laos | 1 | 100.00 | 14.10 |
| Luxembourg | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Latvia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Malta | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Malawi | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Namibia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Poland | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Portugal | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Senegal | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Slovakia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Slovenia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Seychelles | 1 | 100.00 | 26.20 |
| Taiwan | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Venezuela | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Zambia | 1 | 100.00 | NA |
| Lithuania | 42 | 99.70 | 1.10 |
| Zimbabwe | 43 | 99.10 | NA |
| Dominican Republic | 44 | 99.00 | 1.30 |
| Tanzania | 45 | 98.90 | 0.20 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 46 | 98.80 | NA |
| Kuwait | 47 | 98.40 | 80.70 |
| Togo | 47 | 98.40 | NA |
| Republic of Congo | 49 | 98.30 | 15.00 |
| South Korea | 49 | 98.30 | 14.80 |
| Sri Lanka | 51 | 98.20 | 0.40 |
| Costa Rica | 52 | 98.10 | 0.10 |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 52 | 98.10 | NA |
| United Kingdom | 54 | 97.90 | NA |
| Mozambique | 55 | 97.70 | 1.30 |
| Romania | 56 | 97.60 | 11.90 |
| United Arab Emirates | 57 | 97.20 | 92.70 |
| Central African Republic | 58 | 97.00 | NA |
| Jamaica | 59 | 96.90 | 0.40 |
| Bolivia | 60 | 96.70 | NA |
| Belize | 61 | 96.60 | 2.80 |
| Burkina Faso | 62 | 96.00 | 0.70 |
| Sierra Leone | 62 | 96.00 | 78.50 |
| Uganda | 64 | 95.30 | NA |
| Gabon | 65 | 95.20 | 1.10 |
| Timor-Leste | 66 | 94.50 | 19.10 |
| Netherlands | 67 | 93.50 | 8.60 |
| Philippines | 68 | 92.40 | 14.10 |
| New Zealand | 69 | 91.30 | 1.50 |
| Panama | 70 | 90.90 | NA |
| Belgium | 71 | 90.80 | 48.30 |
| Gambia | 71 | 90.80 | 47.90 |
| Australia | 73 | 90.40 | 31.80 |
| Niger | 74 | 89.80 | 38.10 |
| Bangladesh | 75 | 88.90 | 0.10 |
| Nicaragua | 76 | 88.30 | NA |
| Guinea | 77 | 88.20 | NA |
| Montenegro | 78 | 86.10 | 21.80 |
| Mexico | 79 | 85.20 | 7.10 |
| Dominica | 80 | 85.00 | NA |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 81 | 84.80 | NA |
| Denmark | 81 | 84.80 | 4.50 |
| Suriname | 83 | 84.40 | NA |
| Paraguay | 84 | 84.10 | 0.70 |
| Malaysia | 85 | 84.00 | 32.50 |
| Indonesia | 86 | 83.30 | NA |
| Norway | 86 | 83.30 | 2.50 |
| Ireland | 88 | 82.90 | 5.70 |
| Ghana | 89 | 82.80 | NA |
| Peru | 90 | 82.30 | 4.90 |
| Iceland | 91 | 81.00 | 4.20 |
| Belarus | 92 | 80.30 | 2.50 |
| Brazil | 93 | 80.00 | 0.60 |
| Dem. Rep. Congo | 94 | 79.80 | 7.10 |
| Colombia | 95 | 79.40 | 2.80 |
| Qatar | 96 | 79.30 | NA |
| Honduras | 97 | 77.90 | 9.90 |
| Mongolia | 97 | 77.90 | 10.10 |
| Ecuador | 99 | 77.40 | 4.80 |
| North Macedonia | 99 | 77.40 | 7.00 |
| Chad | 99 | 77.40 | NA |
| Ukraine | 102 | 76.00 | NA |
| Tajikistan | 103 | 75.50 | NA |
| Finland | 104 | 73.40 | 14.80 |
| Cuba | 105 | 69.30 | 6.20 |
| Cameroon | 106 | 68.30 | 33.60 |
| Switzerland | 107 | 68.00 | 19.40 |
| Canada | 108 | 67.80 | 7.90 |
| Kenya | 109 | 67.50 | 6.40 |
| Georgia | 110 | 64.90 | 20.30 |
| Ethiopia | 111 | 64.60 | 18.80 |
| Sweden | 112 | 64.50 | 11.40 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 113 | 63.70 | NA |
| Moldova | 114 | 63.50 | NA |
| United States of America | 115 | 63.40 | 1.30 |
| Russia | 116 | 63.20 | 6.20 |
| Azerbaijan | 117 | 62.20 | 0.10 |
| Mali | 118 | 62.00 | 1.10 |
| Nigeria | 118 | 62.00 | NA |
| Haiti | 120 | 58.60 | 47.10 |
| Tonga | 121 | 58.30 | NA |
| Argentina | 122 | 56.70 | 1.20 |
| Guyana | 123 | 56.50 | 31.40 |
| Liberia | 124 | 55.70 | NA |
| Pakistan | 125 | 55.10 | NA |
| Rwanda | 126 | 54.60 | 0.70 |
| Kazakhstan | 127 | 52.80 | 3.00 |
| Afghanistan | 128 | 51.50 | 50.40 |
| Israel | 129 | 51.10 | 6.10 |
| Serbia | 130 | 50.90 | 13.60 |
| Guatemala | 131 | 50.60 | 2.00 |
| Iraq | 132 | 49.80 | 32.20 |
| Burundi | 133 | 46.70 | 10.70 |
| Thailand | 134 | 46.60 | 1.50 |
| South Africa | 135 | 46.40 | 7.20 |
| Nepal | 136 | 45.70 | 4.90 |
| Samoa | 137 | 45.60 | NA |
| Chile | 138 | 44.70 | 2.50 |
| El Salvador | 139 | 44.20 | 6.30 |
| Uzbekistan | 140 | 43.50 | 7.60 |
| Egypt | 141 | 42.40 | NA |
| Madagascar | 142 | 38.40 | 7.50 |
| Tunisia | 143 | 37.10 | 5.60 |
| Angola | 144 | 36.60 | NA |
| Iran | 145 | 35.20 | NA |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 146 | 32.20 | 7.20 |
| Saint Lucia | 147 | 29.50 | NA |
| Algeria | 148 | 29.20 | 0.30 |
| Singapore | 148 | 29.20 | NA |
| Saudi Arabia | 150 | 28.00 | NA |
| Viet Nam | 150 | 28.00 | 6.50 |
| Mauritius | 152 | 27.80 | 1.20 |
| Vanuatu | 153 | 24.10 | NA |
| Turkmenistan | 154 | 22.40 | NA |
| Kyrgyzstan | 155 | 22.30 | 0.10 |
| Eswatini | 156 | 21.30 | 1.40 |
| Uruguay | 157 | 20.60 | 4.50 |
| Oman | 158 | 19.10 | 6.40 |
| Cabo Verde | 159 | 16.90 | 0.30 |
| Myanmar | 160 | 16.80 | 5.70 |
| Bahrain | 161 | 14.70 | NA |
| Grenada | 162 | 14.60 | 1.50 |
| Jordan | 163 | 14.50 | 9.70 |
| Sudan | 164 | 12.70 | -59.20 |
| Papua New Guinea | 165 | 11.60 | 1.60 |
| Lebanon | 166 | 11.00 | 2.20 |
| Morocco | 167 | 10.50 | 0.10 |
| Maldives | 168 | 10.40 | 10.30 |
| Fiji | 169 | 9.00 | NA |
| China | 170 | 8.50 | 4.10 |
| Djibouti | 171 | 7.80 | 7.40 |
| Marshall Islands | 172 | 5.00 | NA |
| Mauritania | 173 | 3.00 | NA |
| Barbados | 174 | 2.80 | NA |
| Lesotho | 174 | 2.80 | NA |
| India | 176 | 2.10 | NA |
| Solomon Islands | 177 | 1.90 | 0.30 |
| Turkey | 178 | 1.40 | NA |
| Eritrea | 179 | NA | NA |
| Micronesia | 179 | NA | NA |