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Ozone exposure croplands

As a proxy of ozone pollution effects on crop productivity, this pilot indicator measures the average ground-level concentration of ozone across a country’s croplands. A score of 100 indicates low ozone concentrations (≤5th percentile), and a score of 0 indicates croplands exposed to some of the highest (≥95th-percentile) concentrations of ground-level ozone worlwide.

country rank Score 10y ∆
Bolivia 1 100.0 0.0
Central African Republic 1 100.0 0.0
Colombia 1 100.0 0.0
Dem. Rep. Congo 1 100.0 0.0
Gabon 1 100.0 0.0
Papua New Guinea 1 100.0 0.0
Paraguay 1 100.0 0.0
Solomon Islands 1 100.0 10.2
Brazil 9 99.5 -0.4
Peru 10 99.1 1.7
Malawi 11 98.2 -1.8
Republic of Congo 12 97.2 2.6
Chad 13 93.4 -3.8
Uruguay 14 92.6 -4.9
Argentina 15 92.5 -4.1
Liberia 16 91.6 0.7
Mali 17 91.2 1.7
Mozambique 18 91.0 -7.4
Burkina Faso 19 90.8 0.9
Venezuela 20 90.5 3.8
Suriname 21 89.9 7.7
Honduras 22 89.8 2.5
Timor-Leste 23 89.4 11.4
Vanuatu 24 88.9 10.0
Ecuador 25 87.9 0.0
Cote d'Ivoire 26 87.8 -2.1
Fiji 26 87.8 6.8
Tanzania 28 87.6 -12.0
Guyana 29 87.1 5.4
Chile 30 86.6 -6.5
Cameroon 31 85.6 -2.8
Guinea 31 85.6 2.8
New Zealand 33 85.2 -6.4
Madagascar 34 85.0 -14.7
Ghana 35 84.6 -1.8
Angola 36 84.4 -6.7
Zimbabwe 37 84.0 -7.9
Brunei Darussalam 38 83.1 7.1
Burundi 39 82.7 -10.3
Zambia 40 82.6 -3.6
Australia 41 82.1 -2.8
Eswatini 42 82.0 -1.5
Myanmar 43 80.0 1.8
Costa Rica 44 78.7 0.7
Rwanda 45 77.2 -12.2
Uganda 45 77.2 -8.4
Togo 47 76.8 -4.9
Kenya 48 74.9 -13.5
Ethiopia 49 74.7 -12.3
Nicaragua 50 73.7 0.3
Cambodia 51 72.9 -1.9
Philippines 52 72.2 6.3
Belgium 53 70.2 -11.2
Luxembourg 53 70.2 -6.0
Belize 55 69.6 0.4
Benin 56 68.9 -5.4
Slovakia 57 68.3 -7.3
Belarus 58 68.2 0.9
Namibia 59 67.5 -11.6
Panama 59 67.5 0.1
Czech Republic 61 66.8 -5.1
Gambia 62 65.7 0.9
Poland 62 65.7 -4.5
Botswana 64 65.6 -9.9
Russia 65 65.2 1.8
Guinea-Bissau 66 64.3 -0.3
Hungary 67 62.9 -9.4
South Africa 68 62.7 -6.4
Finland 69 62.3 0.8
Indonesia 69 62.3 9.4
Lesotho 71 61.4 -6.6
Austria 72 61.0 -7.8
Guatemala 73 60.9 1.6
Netherlands 73 60.9 -17.6
Senegal 75 60.7 3.4
Slovenia 76 60.6 -2.1
United Kingdom 77 60.5 -11.6
Romania 78 60.0 -11.1
Niger 79 59.7 -9.6
Ukraine 79 59.7 -2.0
Bulgaria 81 59.0 -8.4
Germany 82 58.9 -10.8
Switzerland 83 57.5 -13.6
Lithuania 84 57.1 0.0
Uzbekistan 84 57.1 -11.7
Georgia 86 56.9 -7.6
Thailand 87 56.6 -4.4
Croatia 88 56.4 -7.2
Mauritania 89 56.1 2.6
Serbia 89 56.1 -12.9
El Salvador 91 55.6 -0.4
Nigeria 91 55.6 -5.9
Laos 93 55.5 -6.9
Mexico 94 55.1 -10.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina 95 54.7 -8.1
Iceland 96 54.6 -2.0
Kazakhstan 97 54.2 0.9
Malaysia 98 53.8 3.4
Dominican Republic 99 53.1 -7.0
France 99 53.1 -4.3
Estonia 101 52.5 -1.2
Sudan 101 52.5 -13.5
Latvia 103 52.1 -2.3
Azerbaijan 104 49.8 -10.0
North Macedonia 105 49.7 -8.4
Norway 106 49.2 -4.8
Barbados 107 48.8 -8.3
Moldova 108 48.7 -6.8
Canada 109 48.6 3.4
Sierra Leone 110 48.4 -4.4
Tajikistan 111 47.5 -13.4
China 112 47.2 -6.0
Viet Nam 113 46.6 -7.4
Saint Lucia 114 45.9 -9.3
Turkiye 115 44.7 -5.4
Denmark 116 44.1 -12.2
Trinidad and Tobago 117 42.0 -9.1
Italy 118 41.9 -13.4
Mongolia 119 41.7 2.3
Armenia 120 40.6 -10.0
Antigua and Barbuda 121 39.6 -11.0
Turkmenistan 122 38.8 -7.5
Greece 123 38.4 -5.9
Spain 124 38.1 -2.4
Afghanistan 125 37.6 -7.6
United States of America 126 36.9 -1.9
Bangladesh 127 35.4 7.0
Sweden 127 35.4 -4.1
Portugal 129 34.4 -2.6
Morocco 130 33.4 -3.4
Cuba 131 32.5 -4.5
Israel 132 32.4 -28.2
Haiti 133 31.6 -7.8
Sri Lanka 134 30.9 -21.9
Eritrea 135 30.6 -28.5
Kyrgyzstan 136 27.6 -11.1
Lebanon 137 27.0 -16.7
Singapore 138 26.9 1.6
Bhutan 139 25.4 -10.7
Ireland 140 25.3 -1.7
South Korea 141 25.2 -16.7
Tunisia 142 24.6 -10.6
Montenegro 143 22.7 -7.8
Jamaica 144 22.6 -6.2
India 145 22.0 -6.7
Albania 146 21.8 -7.2
Jordan 147 21.1 -14.6
Pakistan 147 21.1 -4.8
Taiwan 149 18.8 -27.4
Japan 150 18.6 -5.3
Nepal 151 17.1 -3.9
Iraq 152 9.6 -21.5
Bahamas 153 8.4 -6.6
Algeria 154 7.8 -14.0
Iran 155 5.2 -28.3
Bahrain 156 0.0 0.0
Cyprus 156 0.0 0.0
Egypt 156 0.0 -24.2
Kuwait 156 0.0 0.0
Malta 156 0.0 0.0
Oman 156 0.0 0.0
Qatar 156 0.0 0.0
Saudi Arabia 156 0.0 -4.6
United Arab Emirates 156 0.0 0.0
Cabo Verde
Comoros
Djibouti
Dominica
Equatorial Guinea
Grenada
Kiribati
Maldives
Marshall Islands
Mauritius
Micronesia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Samoa
Sao Tome and Principe
Seychelles
Tonga