Terrestrial biome protection

Terrestrial biome protection

The terrestrial world comprises 14 kinds of ecoregions, or biomes, though not every country has every biome. We measure the area of every biome in a country then calculate how much of those biome types lie within protected areas or Other Effective Area-Based Conservation Measures (OECMs). According to Target 3 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, countries should be protecting at least 30% of each biome type – the threshold for scoring 100 on this indicator. We weight biome types by their prevalence within each country. Data for this indicator come from the World Database on Protected Areas.

 

EPI MeasureTerrestrial Biome Protection

Click on a country name to see that country's full results table

Table of EPI results for Terrestrial Biome Protection
Country Rank EPI Score 10-Year Change Regional Rank Regional Average
Armenia 1 100.0 0.0 1 45.42
Benin 1 100.0 0.0 1 58.98
Brunei Darussalam 1 100.0 0.0 1 43.2
Cambodia 1 100.0 53.54 1 43.2
Comoros 1 100.0 0.0 1 58.98
Croatia 1 100.0 0.0 1 73.74
Cyprus 1 100.0 0.0 1 73.74
Germany 1 100.0 0.0 1 69.14
Greece 1 100.0 0.0 1 73.74
Luxembourg 1 100.0 0.0 1 69.14
Namibia 1 100.0 0.0 1 58.98
Poland 1 100.0 0.0 1 73.74
Slovenia 1 100.0 0.0 1 73.74
São Tomé & Príncipe 1 100.0 0.0 1 58.98
Bulgaria 15 99.94 0.08 6 73.74
Algeria 16 99.71 0.04 1 38.46
Zambia 17 99.24 0.0 5 58.98
Tanzania 18 98.06 1.66 6 58.98
Trinidad & Tobago 19 97.33 0.0 1 56.85
Guinea 20 96.28 0.0 7 58.98
Oman 21 96.0 84.78 2 38.46
Japan 22 95.79 16.98 3 43.2
Malta 23 95.28 1.85 3 69.14
Belize 24 94.78 0.43 2 56.85
Zimbabwe 25 94.0 0.0 8 58.98
Spain 26 93.62 16.49 4 69.14
Panama 27 93.4 0.26 3 56.85
Senegal 28 91.05 1.35 9 58.98
Slovakia 29 90.34 2.43 7 73.74
North Macedonia 30 89.37 4.54 8 73.74
Mozambique 31 89.03 0.57 10 58.98
Guinea-Bissau 32 87.9 8.97 11 58.98
United Kingdom 33 87.84 0.25 5 69.14
Austria 34 87.35 1.25 6 69.14
Netherlands 35 86.86 21.88 7 69.14
New Zealand 36 86.78 0.44 8 69.14
France 37 86.56 13.53 9 69.14
Colombia 38 85.85 22.83 4 56.85
Bolivia 39 84.95 0.0 5 56.85
Costa Rica 40 84.81 0.51 6 56.85
Sri Lanka 41 84.32 1.48 1 38.43
Republic of Congo 42 83.24 8.01 12 58.98
Togo 43 82.79 0.43 13 58.98
Bahamas 44 82.57 3.23 7 56.85
Botswana 45 82.26 0.0 14 58.98
Bhutan 46 80.15 0.0 2 38.43
Malawi 47 79.11 10.01 15 58.98
Lesotho 48 77.44 0.0 16 58.98
Portugal 49 77.25 0.34 10 69.14
Brazil 50 76.74 0.97 8 56.85
Montenegro 51 75.74 12.81 9 73.74
Côte d'Ivoire 52 75.73 1.6 17 58.98
Norway 53 75.64 1.52 11 69.14
Georgia 54 74.93 9.45 2 45.42
Hungary 55 73.93 0.02 10 73.74
Gabon 56 73.52 0.32 18 58.98
Seychelles 57 73.34 0.0 19 58.98
Israel 58 73.1 4.8 3 38.46
Australia 59 72.69 21.46 12 69.14
Italy 60 72.07 13.12 13 69.14
Albania 61 71.61 3.37 11 73.74
Peru 62 71.19 10.93 9 56.85
Dominica 63 70.38 0.0 10 56.85
Dominican Republic 64 70.06 1.14 11 56.85
Czechia 65 69.91 5.66 12 73.74
Nicaragua 66 69.55 0.0 12 56.85
Romania 67 68.87 6.2 13 73.74
Niger 68 68.29 38.46 20 58.98
Azerbaijan 69 66.63 0.0 3 45.42
Guatemala 70 66.55 0.32 13 56.85
Estonia 71 65.78 4.84 14 73.74
Taiwan 72 65.39 0.0 4 43.2
Ecuador 73 64.44 9.57 14 56.85
Jamaica 74 63.39 0.88 15 56.85
Laos 75 62.6 26.41 5 43.2
Latvia 76 62.3 1.94 15 73.74
Chad 77 61.48 1.09 21 58.98
Thailand 78 60.01 0.04 6 43.2
Lithuania 79 59.5 0.79 16 73.74
Honduras 80 59.37 0.71 16 56.85
Mongolia 81 59.17 3.83 7 43.2
Equatorial Guinea 82 59.16 0.0 22 58.98
Uganda 83 59.0 0.0 23 58.98
South Korea 84 58.99 6.38 8 43.2
Ukraine 85 58.47 0.33 4 45.42
Kiribati 86 58.35 0.0 9 43.2
St. Vincent & the Gren. 87 58.08 0.0 17 56.85
Nepal 88 56.52 0.62 3 38.43
Ethiopia 89 56.5 14.98 24 58.98
Chile 90 56.13 7.42 18 56.85
Burkina Faso 91 55.31 1.21 25 58.98
Kuwait 92 55.28 0.11 4 38.46
United Arab Emirates 93 55.1 33.28 5 38.46
Belgium 94 54.51 26.15 14 69.14
Pakistan 95 54.05 18.6 4 38.43
Timor-Leste 96 53.53 10.78 10 43.2
Tajikistan 97 52.99 0.0 5 45.42
Saint Lucia 98 52.04 0.0 19 56.85
Philippines 99 51.48 11.95 11 43.2
Antigua & Barbuda 100 51.46 0.0 20 56.85
Denmark 101 50.32 0.12 15 69.14
Cabo Verde 102 49.71 0.0 26 58.98
Ghana 103 49.53 0.0 27 58.98
Dem. Rep. Congo 104 49.44 3.66 28 58.98
Mexico 105 49.21 4.13 21 56.85
Paraguay 106 48.92 0.99 22 56.85
Iceland 107 47.61 2.53 16 69.14
Ireland 108 46.79 20.04 17 69.14
Kenya 109 45.38 3.89 29 58.98
Qatar 110 44.93 0.0 6 38.46
Nigeria 111 44.62 0.76 30 58.98
Sweden 112 44.6 3.04 18 69.14
Finland 113 43.48 8.11 19 69.14
Sierra Leone 114 42.79 0.0 31 58.98
Malaysia 115 42.78 2.99 12 43.2
Egypt 116 42.63 0.0 7 38.46
Serbia 117 42.4 7.55 17 73.74
Madagascar 118 42.32 21.01 32 58.98
Canada 119 40.08 9.97 20 69.14
Central African Rep. 120 39.75 0.0 33 58.98
Saudi Arabia 121 39.58 32.51 8 38.46
Indonesia 122 37.84 0.0 13 43.2
United States 123 37.81 0.32 21 69.14
Uzbekistan 124 37.75 24.75 6 45.42
Moldova 125 35.32 0.0 7 45.42
Angola 126 34.11 0.0 34 58.98
Suriname 127 34.1 0.0 23 56.85
Russia 128 34.02 1.29 8 45.42
Switzerland 129 34.01 9.33 22 69.14
Cameroon 130 33.06 1.55 35 58.98
Tonga 130 33.06 0.0 14 43.2
Kazakhstan 132 32.43 0.26 9 45.42
Saint Kitts & Nevis 133 31.78 0.0 24 56.85
Bosnia & Herzegovina 134 30.72 2.98 18 73.74
Palau 135 30.07 1.1 15 43.2
Belarus 136 30.03 0.54 10 45.42
South Africa 137 29.93 5.86 36 58.98
Rwanda 138 29.81 0.42 37 58.98
Argentina 139 27.85 1.69 25 56.85
Guyana 139 27.85 0.0 25 56.85
Grenada 141 27.25 0.0 27 56.85
Burundi 142 26.44 0.0 38 58.98
Samoa 143 26.19 0.36 16 43.2
Gambia 144 25.1 0.0 39 58.98
Haiti 145 25.01 12.35 28 56.85
Viet Nam 146 24.72 0.04 17 43.2
El Salvador 147 24.06 0.56 29 56.85
Lebanon 148 23.21 11.23 9 38.46
Tunisia 149 21.22 0.09 10 38.46
Iran 150 20.26 0.01 11 38.46
Myanmar 151 19.76 1.6 18 43.2
Mali 152 18.99 0.13 40 58.98
Singapore 153 16.54 0.0 19 43.2
Vanuatu 154 15.88 2.2 20 43.2
Mauritius 155 15.74 0.0 41 58.98
Eswatini 156 15.53 1.99 42 58.98
Jordan 157 15.36 12.28 12 38.46
Bangladesh 158 14.01 0.94 5 38.43
Liberia 159 12.69 0.0 43 58.98
Papua New Guinea 160 11.84 1.53 21 43.2
Kyrgyzstan 161 11.74 0.0 11 45.42
Afghanistan 162 11.68 11.37 6 38.43
Uruguay 163 11.65 1.59 30 56.85
Turkmenistan 164 10.68 0.0 12 45.42
Bahrain 165 8.68 0.0 13 38.46
Sudan 166 8.27 1.7 14 38.46
Fiji 167 8.14 0.0 22 43.2
Morocco 168 7.1 0.09 15 38.46
Maldives 169 5.56 5.07 7 38.43
Iraq 170 4.88 0.0 16 38.46
Djibouti 171 4.42 0.0 44 58.98
China 172 2.89 1.28 23 43.2
Mauritania 173 2.04 0.0 45 58.98
Solomon Islands 174 1.71 0.82 24 43.2
Barbados 175 1.59 0.0 31 56.85
India 176 1.13 0.48 8 38.43
Türkiye 177 0.64 0.0 19 73.74
Environmental Performance Index 2026EPI MeasurementTerrestrial Biome Protection
Greater Middle East
Eastern Europe
Southern Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Latin America and Caribbean
Former Soviet States
Global West
Asia-Pacific