GHG emission trend relative to emission intensity
This indicator balances two measures of climate performance often in tension: GHG emission trend and emission intensity (GHG per unit of GDP). While a negative trend, captured by the average annual percent change in emissions over the period 2015–2024, is desirable, countries with higher emission intensities should be held to higher standards of good performance. And countries with low emission intensities cannot be rewarded if their GHG emissions are increasing. Blending these metrics produces an indicator where 100 signals emission reductions commensurate with current emission intensity levels, and 0 signals either increasing emissions or high emission intensities with insufficient reductions. Data come from EDGAR, Global Carbon Budget, World Bank Database, and IMF.
EPI MeasureGHG emission trend, adj. per GDP
Click on a country name to see that country's full results table
| Country | Rank | EPI Score | 10-Year Change | Regional Rank | Regional Average |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sweden | 1 | 100.0 | 23.39 | 1 | 74.88 |
| Switzerland | 1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 1 | 74.88 |
| Luxembourg | 3 | 99.94 | 39.53 | 3 | 74.88 |
| Estonia | 4 | 95.91 | 65.99 | 1 | 57.83 |
| Malta | 5 | 92.47 | 38.49 | 4 | 74.88 |
| Denmark | 6 | 88.79 | 18.98 | 5 | 74.88 |
| France | 7 | 87.36 | 25.32 | 6 | 74.88 |
| Ireland | 8 | 86.07 | 23.29 | 7 | 74.88 |
| Netherlands | 9 | 85.36 | 27.02 | 8 | 74.88 |
| United Kingdom | 10 | 80.53 | 13.56 | 9 | 74.88 |
| Norway | 11 | 79.94 | 28.08 | 10 | 74.88 |
| Portugal | 12 | 77.8 | 20.45 | 11 | 74.88 |
| Germany | 13 | 75.81 | 19.76 | 12 | 74.88 |
| Greece | 14 | 73.27 | 22.99 | 2 | 57.83 |
| Singapore | 15 | 71.44 | 14.97 | 1 | 34.54 |
| Spain | 16 | 70.66 | 9.51 | 13 | 74.88 |
| Austria | 17 | 68.96 | 7.86 | 14 | 74.88 |
| Finland | 18 | 68.87 | 7.22 | 15 | 74.88 |
| Czechia | 19 | 67.9 | 10.17 | 3 | 57.83 |
| Italy | 20 | 66.8 | 13.76 | 16 | 74.88 |
| Bulgaria | 21 | 66.64 | 13.48 | 4 | 57.83 |
| Japan | 22 | 65.24 | 17.13 | 2 | 34.54 |
| Belgium | 23 | 63.07 | -1.03 | 17 | 74.88 |
| Albania | 24 | 63.02 | 29.3 | 5 | 57.83 |
| Slovenia | 25 | 61.54 | 3.36 | 6 | 57.83 |
| Romania | 26 | 60.63 | -5.69 | 7 | 57.83 |
| Lithuania | 27 | 59.82 | 10.95 | 8 | 57.83 |
| Slovakia | 28 | 59.69 | -0.84 | 9 | 57.83 |
| Angola | 29 | 59.47 | 24.25 | 1 | 26.26 |
| Sri Lanka | 30 | 59.1 | 14.63 | 1 | 35.28 |
| Hungary | 31 | 58.86 | -9.91 | 10 | 57.83 |
| Poland | 32 | 58.78 | 10.02 | 11 | 57.83 |
| Latvia | 33 | 55.65 | 3.31 | 12 | 57.83 |
| Ukraine | 34 | 55.33 | 13.05 | 1 | 33.45 |
| Samoa | 35 | 55.2 | 22.99 | 3 | 34.54 |
| South Korea | 36 | 54.19 | 27.87 | 4 | 34.54 |
| New Zealand | 37 | 53.97 | 10.92 | 18 | 74.88 |
| United States | 38 | 53.0 | -0.17 | 19 | 74.88 |
| Taiwan | 39 | 52.79 | -1.15 | 5 | 34.54 |
| Israel | 40 | 52.34 | 12.25 | 1 | 30.84 |
| Iceland | 41 | 51.49 | 8.67 | 20 | 74.88 |
| Timor-Leste | 42 | 51.01 | 16.11 | 6 | 34.54 |
| Barbados | 43 | 50.08 | 1.97 | 1 | 37.73 |
| Canada | 44 | 49.9 | 6.23 | 21 | 74.88 |
| Dominica | 45 | 49.74 | 4.87 | 2 | 37.73 |
| Serbia | 46 | 49.71 | -12.25 | 13 | 57.83 |
| Mexico | 47 | 49.05 | 5.49 | 3 | 37.73 |
| Croatia | 48 | 48.77 | -4.4 | 14 | 57.83 |
| Myanmar | 49 | 48.6 | 14.13 | 7 | 34.54 |
| North Macedonia | 50 | 48.37 | -6.77 | 15 | 57.83 |
| Thailand | 51 | 47.98 | 17.34 | 8 | 34.54 |
| Belarus | 52 | 47.56 | 11.91 | 2 | 33.45 |
| Chile | 53 | 47.36 | 14.67 | 4 | 37.73 |
| Cyprus | 54 | 47.3 | -6.64 | 16 | 57.83 |
| Bhutan | 55 | 47.07 | 41.57 | 2 | 35.28 |
| Equatorial Guinea | 56 | 46.61 | 2.22 | 2 | 26.26 |
| Jordan | 57 | 46.58 | 19.5 | 2 | 30.84 |
| Australia | 58 | 46.57 | 8.07 | 22 | 74.88 |
| Eswatini | 58 | 46.57 | -9.13 | 3 | 26.26 |
| Jamaica | 60 | 46.39 | -3.32 | 5 | 37.73 |
| Argentina | 61 | 46.12 | 1.2 | 6 | 37.73 |
| São Tomé & Príncipe | 62 | 46.01 | 22.78 | 4 | 26.26 |
| Egypt | 63 | 45.52 | 12.36 | 3 | 30.84 |
| Nigeria | 64 | 45.46 | 2.6 | 5 | 26.26 |
| Moldova | 65 | 45.12 | -1.41 | 3 | 33.45 |
| Montenegro | 66 | 45.04 | -5.1 | 17 | 57.83 |
| Kazakhstan | 67 | 44.89 | 32.15 | 4 | 33.45 |
| St. Vincent & the Gren. | 68 | 44.63 | -1.24 | 7 | 37.73 |
| Bosnia & Herzegovina | 69 | 44.54 | 21.87 | 18 | 57.83 |
| Cameroon | 70 | 44.47 | 7.61 | 6 | 26.26 |
| Tunisia | 71 | 44.33 | 10.75 | 4 | 30.84 |
| Gambia | 72 | 44.03 | 17.32 | 7 | 26.26 |
| Ecuador | 73 | 43.73 | 17.91 | 8 | 37.73 |
| Fiji | 74 | 43.68 | -11.19 | 9 | 34.54 |
| Lebanon | 75 | 43.59 | 29.72 | 5 | 30.84 |
| Paraguay | 76 | 43.49 | 35.19 | 9 | 37.73 |
| Costa Rica | 77 | 42.87 | -1.21 | 10 | 37.73 |
| Panama | 78 | 42.72 | 18.02 | 11 | 37.73 |
| Suriname | 79 | 42.69 | 39.47 | 12 | 37.73 |
| Cabo Verde | 80 | 42.11 | -0.73 | 8 | 26.26 |
| Brazil | 81 | 41.67 | 13.79 | 13 | 37.73 |
| Botswana | 82 | 41.64 | 13.69 | 9 | 26.26 |
| Haiti | 83 | 41.55 | 12.83 | 14 | 37.73 |
| Mauritius | 83 | 41.55 | 11.31 | 10 | 26.26 |
| Saint Kitts & Nevis | 85 | 41.02 | -2.9 | 15 | 37.73 |
| Saint Lucia | 86 | 40.53 | 5.14 | 16 | 37.73 |
| United Arab Emirates | 87 | 40.39 | 40.39 | 6 | 30.84 |
| Antigua & Barbuda | 88 | 39.94 | -3.4 | 17 | 37.73 |
| Georgia | 89 | 39.59 | 13.99 | 5 | 33.45 |
| Colombia | 90 | 39.43 | 6.17 | 18 | 37.73 |
| Solomon Islands | 91 | 38.85 | 9.44 | 10 | 34.54 |
| Vanuatu | 92 | 38.58 | 26.82 | 11 | 34.54 |
| Nicaragua | 93 | 38.38 | 11.58 | 19 | 37.73 |
| Afghanistan | 94 | 38.05 | 38.05 | 3 | 35.28 |
| Russia | 95 | 37.67 | -0.5 | 6 | 33.45 |
| Bangladesh | 96 | 36.69 | 8.96 | 4 | 35.28 |
| Belize | 97 | 36.64 | 4.73 | 20 | 37.73 |
| Nepal | 98 | 36.24 | 12.79 | 5 | 35.28 |
| Azerbaijan | 99 | 36.21 | -6.39 | 7 | 33.45 |
| Gabon | 100 | 36.01 | -15.77 | 11 | 26.26 |
| Malaysia | 101 | 35.57 | 13.55 | 12 | 34.54 |
| South Africa | 102 | 35.5 | 10.55 | 12 | 26.26 |
| Uruguay | 103 | 35.43 | -6.37 | 21 | 37.73 |
| Guatemala | 104 | 35.35 | -1.35 | 22 | 37.73 |
| Rwanda | 105 | 34.85 | 6.41 | 13 | 26.26 |
| Seychelles | 106 | 34.75 | -5.57 | 14 | 26.26 |
| Djibouti | 107 | 34.58 | -9.93 | 15 | 26.26 |
| Saudi Arabia | 108 | 33.98 | 18.13 | 7 | 30.84 |
| Kiribati | 109 | 33.86 | -1.2 | 13 | 34.54 |
| Türkiye | 110 | 33.31 | 4.37 | 19 | 57.83 |
| Peru | 111 | 33.26 | 7.5 | 23 | 37.73 |
| Zimbabwe | 112 | 32.85 | 1.12 | 16 | 26.26 |
| Morocco | 113 | 32.73 | 3.93 | 8 | 30.84 |
| El Salvador | 114 | 32.56 | -23.21 | 24 | 37.73 |
| Tonga | 115 | 32.29 | -15.68 | 14 | 34.54 |
| Papua New Guinea | 116 | 31.3 | -29.81 | 15 | 34.54 |
| Honduras | 117 | 31.21 | 5.66 | 25 | 37.73 |
| Algeria | 118 | 30.94 | 5.88 | 9 | 30.84 |
| Armenia | 119 | 29.74 | -6.34 | 8 | 33.45 |
| Côte d'Ivoire | 120 | 29.24 | 1.51 | 17 | 26.26 |
| Sierra Leone | 121 | 28.66 | 14.29 | 18 | 26.26 |
| Benin | 122 | 28.57 | 13.76 | 19 | 26.26 |
| Philippines | 123 | 28.53 | -0.97 | 16 | 34.54 |
| Pakistan | 124 | 28.46 | -0.93 | 6 | 35.28 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 125 | 28.2 | 28.2 | 9 | 33.45 |
| Bahamas | 126 | 27.86 | -18.77 | 26 | 37.73 |
| Namibia | 127 | 27.79 | -8.47 | 20 | 26.26 |
| Grenada | 128 | 27.43 | -13.55 | 27 | 37.73 |
| Trinidad & Tobago | 129 | 27.18 | 14.05 | 28 | 37.73 |
| Kenya | 130 | 26.87 | 9.04 | 21 | 26.26 |
| Republic of Congo | 131 | 26.82 | -10.87 | 22 | 26.26 |
| India | 132 | 26.71 | 12.84 | 7 | 35.28 |
| Liberia | 133 | 26.04 | 9.79 | 23 | 26.26 |
| Dominican Republic | 134 | 25.7 | -11.01 | 29 | 37.73 |
| Bolivia | 135 | 25.61 | 6.82 | 30 | 37.73 |
| China | 136 | 25.12 | 25.12 | 17 | 34.54 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 137 | 24.83 | 13.58 | 24 | 26.26 |
| Lesotho | 138 | 24.49 | -0.36 | 25 | 26.26 |
| Uganda | 139 | 24.42 | 24.42 | 26 | 26.26 |
| Qatar | 140 | 23.84 | 19.32 | 10 | 30.84 |
| Ghana | 141 | 23.42 | 15.76 | 27 | 26.26 |
| Senegal | 142 | 22.74 | 10.24 | 28 | 26.26 |
| Madagascar | 143 | 22.72 | 4.9 | 29 | 26.26 |
| Burkina Faso | 144 | 22.13 | 12.21 | 30 | 26.26 |
| Bahrain | 145 | 21.61 | 12.41 | 11 | 30.84 |
| Oman | 146 | 21.47 | 17.57 | 12 | 30.84 |
| Uzbekistan | 147 | 20.76 | -7.99 | 10 | 33.45 |
| Ethiopia | 148 | 20.71 | 18.03 | 31 | 26.26 |
| Dem. Rep. Congo | 149 | 19.53 | 11.76 | 32 | 26.26 |
| Mauritania | 150 | 18.78 | -1.45 | 33 | 26.26 |
| Mozambique | 151 | 18.27 | 18.27 | 34 | 26.26 |
| Iran | 152 | 18.16 | -1.04 | 13 | 30.84 |
| Indonesia | 153 | 17.63 | 3.24 | 18 | 34.54 |
| Palau | 154 | 17.62 | -14.72 | 19 | 34.54 |
| Togo | 155 | 16.26 | -6.37 | 35 | 26.26 |
| Tanzania | 156 | 15.66 | 3.33 | 36 | 26.26 |
| Viet Nam | 157 | 15.11 | -1.51 | 20 | 34.54 |
| Sudan | 158 | 15.0 | -11.0 | 14 | 30.84 |
| Guinea | 159 | 14.06 | 6.29 | 37 | 26.26 |
| Cambodia | 160 | 12.86 | -8.44 | 21 | 34.54 |
| Tajikistan | 161 | 12.14 | -15.91 | 11 | 33.45 |
| Kuwait | 162 | 12.07 | -17.97 | 15 | 30.84 |
| Iraq | 163 | 10.82 | 10.56 | 16 | 30.84 |
| Burundi | 164 | 10.28 | 10.28 | 38 | 26.26 |
| Maldives | 165 | 9.95 | 7.42 | 8 | 35.28 |
| Zambia | 166 | 9.0 | 4.56 | 39 | 26.26 |
| Brunei Darussalam | 167 | 8.71 | -24.35 | 22 | 34.54 |
| Mali | 168 | 7.36 | 2.18 | 40 | 26.26 |
| Malawi | 169 | 4.66 | -9.09 | 41 | 26.26 |
| Turkmenistan | 170 | 4.14 | 4.14 | 12 | 33.45 |
| Laos | 171 | 2.74 | -7.58 | 23 | 34.54 |
| Niger | 172 | 1.89 | 1.89 | 42 | 26.26 |
| Comoros | 173 | 0.06 | -34.42 | 43 | 26.26 |
| Central African Rep. | 174 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 44 | 26.26 |
| Chad | 174 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 44 | 26.26 |
| Guyana | 174 | 0.0 | -19.54 | 31 | 37.73 |
| Mongolia | 174 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 24 | 34.54 |
| Environmental Performance Index 2026 | EPI Measurement | GHG emission trend, adj. per GDP | |||