Forests
The Forests issue category measures the five-year average loss of trees (at ≥30% canopy cover), across the entire country and within Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs), as a proportion of tree cover in the baseline year of 2000. Data on tree cover come from Global Nature Watch.
Note: Countries with less than 2,000 hectares of tree cover in 2000 are not scored on these indicators. Weight assigned to this issue category is reapportioned to other issue categories within the Ecosystem Vitality policy objective.
EPI MeasureForests
Click on a country name to see that country's full results table
| Country | Rank | EPI Score | 10-Year Change | Regional Rank | Regional Average |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mauritius | 1 | 100.0 | 83.5 | 1 | 22.16 |
| São Tomé & Príncipe | 1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 1 | 22.16 |
| Turkmenistan | 1 | 100.0 | 67.08 | 1 | 41.82 |
| Iraq | 4 | 69.77 | 27.17 | 1 | 33.46 |
| Seychelles | 5 | 66.69 | 16.55 | 3 | 22.16 |
| Uzbekistan | 6 | 63.92 | 27.74 | 2 | 41.82 |
| Iran | 7 | 59.77 | 7.56 | 2 | 33.46 |
| Tajikistan | 8 | 59.43 | 18.4 | 3 | 41.82 |
| Afghanistan | 9 | 58.73 | 12.53 | 1 | 32.23 |
| Sudan | 10 | 58.24 | 36.71 | 3 | 33.46 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 11 | 57.6 | 9.25 | 4 | 41.82 |
| Armenia | 12 | 54.56 | 12.7 | 5 | 41.82 |
| Botswana | 13 | 53.72 | 23.53 | 4 | 22.16 |
| Pakistan | 14 | 52.16 | 12.13 | 2 | 32.23 |
| Egypt | 15 | 50.39 | 23.3 | 4 | 33.46 |
| Mongolia | 16 | 50.09 | 27.0 | 1 | 20.29 |
| Georgia | 17 | 48.22 | 0.07 | 6 | 41.82 |
| Gambia | 18 | 47.09 | 20.82 | 5 | 22.16 |
| Jordan | 19 | 47.02 | -6.01 | 5 | 33.46 |
| Azerbaijan | 20 | 45.9 | 2.98 | 7 | 41.82 |
| Mali | 21 | 41.23 | 30.49 | 6 | 22.16 |
| Palau | 22 | 41.09 | 10.78 | 2 | 20.29 |
| Lesotho | 23 | 39.87 | 5.18 | 7 | 22.16 |
| Namibia | 24 | 39.47 | 22.73 | 8 | 22.16 |
| Nepal | 25 | 37.72 | 1.05 | 3 | 32.23 |
| Bhutan | 26 | 37.02 | 2.25 | 4 | 32.23 |
| Saint Kitts & Nevis | 27 | 36.61 | 4.13 | 1 | 18.53 |
| Saint Lucia | 28 | 34.37 | 6.26 | 2 | 18.53 |
| Dominica | 29 | 33.83 | 3.22 | 3 | 18.53 |
| Vanuatu | 30 | 33.72 | -4.02 | 3 | 20.29 |
| Taiwan | 31 | 31.93 | -3.22 | 4 | 20.29 |
| Gabon | 32 | 31.9 | 2.92 | 9 | 22.16 |
| Grenada | 33 | 31.34 | 10.23 | 4 | 18.53 |
| St. Vincent & the Gren. | 34 | 30.62 | -1.24 | 5 | 18.53 |
| Central African Rep. | 35 | 30.47 | -1.87 | 10 | 22.16 |
| Guyana | 36 | 30.42 | -10.11 | 6 | 18.53 |
| Fiji | 37 | 30.33 | -1.24 | 5 | 20.29 |
| Trinidad & Tobago | 38 | 28.91 | 7.08 | 7 | 18.53 |
| Maldives | 39 | 28.37 | -3.76 | 5 | 32.23 |
| Suriname | 40 | 27.11 | -8.17 | 8 | 18.53 |
| Japan | 41 | 26.77 | -3.58 | 6 | 20.29 |
| Bulgaria | 42 | 26.45 | -0.2 | 1 | 15.02 |
| Antigua & Barbuda | 43 | 25.8 | -2.94 | 9 | 18.53 |
| Montenegro | 44 | 25.5 | 2.68 | 2 | 15.02 |
| Equatorial Guinea | 45 | 25.0 | 2.95 | 11 | 22.16 |
| El Salvador | 46 | 24.41 | 5.51 | 10 | 18.53 |
| Bosnia & Herzegovina | 47 | 24.39 | -6.81 | 3 | 15.02 |
| Brunei Darussalam | 48 | 24.15 | 7.85 | 7 | 20.29 |
| Timor-Leste | 49 | 23.57 | 0.0 | 8 | 20.29 |
| Costa Rica | 50 | 22.98 | 1.66 | 11 | 18.53 |
| Burundi | 51 | 22.51 | -0.87 | 12 | 22.16 |
| Ecuador | 52 | 22.19 | -1.19 | 12 | 18.53 |
| Papua New Guinea | 53 | 21.7 | -3.24 | 9 | 20.29 |
| Jamaica | 54 | 21.6 | 2.72 | 13 | 18.53 |
| South Korea | 55 | 21.31 | -3.4 | 10 | 20.29 |
| Comoros | 56 | 21.27 | 9.07 | 13 | 22.16 |
| Chile | 57 | 21.14 | 9.44 | 14 | 18.53 |
| Cyprus | 58 | 21.13 | -12.83 | 4 | 15.02 |
| Israel | 59 | 21.07 | 15.4 | 6 | 33.46 |
| Serbia | 60 | 20.95 | -4.31 | 5 | 15.02 |
| Albania | 61 | 20.84 | 1.86 | 6 | 15.02 |
| Switzerland | 62 | 20.75 | -9.08 | 1 | 10.21 |
| Sri Lanka | 63 | 20.42 | 0.19 | 6 | 32.23 |
| Kazakhstan | 64 | 19.91 | -11.98 | 8 | 41.82 |
| Ethiopia | 65 | 19.63 | 0.59 | 14 | 22.16 |
| Senegal | 65 | 19.63 | -2.44 | 14 | 22.16 |
| North Macedonia | 67 | 19.38 | -0.02 | 7 | 15.02 |
| Colombia | 68 | 19.13 | -2.76 | 15 | 18.53 |
| Barbados | 69 | 19.11 | 6.94 | 16 | 18.53 |
| Peru | 70 | 19.03 | -2.15 | 17 | 18.53 |
| China | 71 | 18.61 | 0.42 | 11 | 20.29 |
| Kenya | 72 | 18.54 | 5.13 | 16 | 22.16 |
| Cameroon | 73 | 18.3 | -6.93 | 17 | 22.16 |
| Romania | 74 | 18.08 | -1.27 | 8 | 15.02 |
| India | 75 | 17.97 | -3.96 | 7 | 32.23 |
| Croatia | 76 | 17.54 | -6.48 | 9 | 15.02 |
| Netherlands | 77 | 17.45 | -1.4 | 2 | 10.21 |
| Republic of Congo | 78 | 17.44 | -4.95 | 18 | 22.16 |
| Moldova | 79 | 16.91 | -9.71 | 9 | 41.82 |
| Italy | 80 | 16.89 | -7.31 | 3 | 10.21 |
| Panama | 81 | 16.76 | -3.88 | 18 | 18.53 |
| Slovenia | 82 | 16.73 | -8.12 | 10 | 15.02 |
| Haiti | 83 | 16.69 | 1.85 | 19 | 18.53 |
| Slovakia | 84 | 16.64 | 5.01 | 11 | 15.02 |
| Eswatini | 85 | 16.3 | -0.01 | 19 | 22.16 |
| Philippines | 86 | 15.96 | 0.32 | 12 | 20.29 |
| Togo | 87 | 15.66 | -8.94 | 20 | 22.16 |
| Thailand | 88 | 15.41 | -0.55 | 13 | 20.29 |
| France | 89 | 15.21 | -2.86 | 4 | 10.21 |
| Bahamas | 90 | 15.15 | -5.56 | 20 | 18.53 |
| Russia | 91 | 14.57 | 0.8 | 10 | 41.82 |
| Zambia | 92 | 13.8 | -3.52 | 21 | 22.16 |
| Solomon Islands | 93 | 13.61 | -2.84 | 14 | 20.29 |
| Norway | 94 | 13.52 | -6.14 | 5 | 10.21 |
| Finland | 95 | 13.33 | -3.6 | 6 | 10.21 |
| Rwanda | 96 | 13.04 | -5.0 | 22 | 22.16 |
| Belarus | 97 | 12.97 | -4.91 | 11 | 41.82 |
| Argentina | 98 | 12.78 | 5.6 | 21 | 18.53 |
| Mexico | 99 | 12.77 | -3.54 | 22 | 18.53 |
| Indonesia | 100 | 12.71 | 6.18 | 15 | 20.29 |
| Angola | 101 | 12.4 | -4.36 | 23 | 22.16 |
| Austria | 102 | 12.25 | -5.41 | 7 | 10.21 |
| Türkiye | 103 | 12.01 | -9.02 | 12 | 15.02 |
| Denmark | 104 | 11.93 | 1.86 | 8 | 10.21 |
| Tanzania | 105 | 11.78 | -1.38 | 24 | 22.16 |
| United States | 106 | 11.58 | 0.9 | 9 | 10.21 |
| Dem. Rep. Congo | 107 | 11.53 | -4.52 | 25 | 22.16 |
| New Zealand | 108 | 11.18 | 2.46 | 10 | 10.21 |
| Morocco | 109 | 11.14 | -8.83 | 7 | 33.46 |
| Myanmar | 110 | 10.96 | -2.79 | 16 | 20.29 |
| Zimbabwe | 111 | 10.76 | 2.43 | 26 | 22.16 |
| Malaysia | 112 | 10.44 | 7.41 | 17 | 20.29 |
| United Kingdom | 113 | 10.4 | 3.56 | 11 | 10.21 |
| Hungary | 114 | 10.19 | -2.72 | 13 | 15.02 |
| Viet Nam | 115 | 10.09 | 1.22 | 18 | 20.29 |
| Benin | 116 | 9.99 | -4.16 | 27 | 22.16 |
| Brazil | 117 | 9.9 | -4.7 | 23 | 18.53 |
| Singapore | 118 | 9.79 | -7.96 | 19 | 20.29 |
| Dominican Republic | 119 | 9.05 | -4.0 | 24 | 18.53 |
| Uganda | 120 | 9.03 | -4.27 | 28 | 22.16 |
| Sweden | 121 | 8.66 | -3.87 | 12 | 10.21 |
| Nigeria | 122 | 8.37 | -7.54 | 29 | 22.16 |
| Poland | 123 | 8.34 | -3.16 | 14 | 15.02 |
| Luxembourg | 124 | 8.23 | -3.26 | 13 | 10.21 |
| South Africa | 125 | 8.14 | 2.37 | 30 | 22.16 |
| Ukraine | 126 | 7.88 | -3.94 | 12 | 41.82 |
| Greece | 127 | 7.84 | -14.29 | 15 | 15.02 |
| Spain | 128 | 7.77 | -4.66 | 14 | 10.21 |
| Mozambique | 129 | 7.48 | -4.64 | 31 | 22.16 |
| Tunisia | 130 | 7.45 | -1.4 | 8 | 33.46 |
| Estonia | 131 | 6.9 | -7.66 | 16 | 15.02 |
| Paraguay | 132 | 6.68 | 3.91 | 25 | 18.53 |
| Belgium | 133 | 6.6 | -1.26 | 15 | 10.21 |
| Lebanon | 134 | 6.24 | -14.88 | 9 | 33.46 |
| Ireland | 135 | 5.7 | -3.95 | 16 | 10.21 |
| Bangladesh | 136 | 5.43 | -10.88 | 8 | 32.23 |
| Lithuania | 137 | 5.4 | -2.47 | 17 | 15.02 |
| Canada | 138 | 5.35 | -5.29 | 17 | 10.21 |
| Belize | 139 | 5.27 | -3.42 | 26 | 18.53 |
| Côte d'Ivoire | 140 | 5.22 | 0.84 | 32 | 22.16 |
| Uruguay | 140 | 5.22 | 2.92 | 27 | 18.53 |
| Latvia | 142 | 5.2 | -4.36 | 18 | 15.02 |
| Germany | 143 | 4.85 | -14.06 | 18 | 10.21 |
| Honduras | 144 | 4.81 | -4.05 | 28 | 18.53 |
| Guatemala | 145 | 4.31 | -3.29 | 29 | 18.53 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 146 | 3.8 | -3.72 | 33 | 22.16 |
| Liberia | 147 | 3.79 | -7.86 | 34 | 22.16 |
| Malawi | 147 | 3.79 | -4.52 | 34 | 22.16 |
| Bolivia | 149 | 3.76 | -13.06 | 30 | 18.53 |
| Algeria | 150 | 3.5 | -5.69 | 10 | 33.46 |
| Ghana | 151 | 3.31 | -7.56 | 36 | 22.16 |
| Cambodia | 152 | 3.26 | 3.12 | 20 | 20.29 |
| Guinea | 153 | 2.71 | -8.84 | 37 | 22.16 |
| Nicaragua | 154 | 2.7 | -1.97 | 31 | 18.53 |
| Australia | 155 | 2.18 | -11.03 | 19 | 10.21 |
| Madagascar | 156 | 2.14 | -0.86 | 38 | 22.16 |
| Czechia | 157 | 1.93 | -11.03 | 19 | 15.02 |
| Chad | 158 | 0.64 | -12.03 | 39 | 22.16 |
| Laos | 159 | 0.59 | -8.44 | 21 | 20.29 |
| Portugal | 160 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 20 | 10.21 |
| Sierra Leone | 161 | 0.0 | -5.08 | 40 | 22.16 |
| Environmental Performance Index 2026 | EPI Measurement | Forests | |||